What is the Cervix?
The cervix is the name for the lowest part of the uterus. The cervix connects the uterus with the birth canal (the vagina). The cervix can both be visualized and sampled by your doctor during a routine pelvic examination in his or her office.
What is Cervical Cancer?
Cervical cancer develops when cells in the cervix begin to grow out of control and can then invade nearby tissues or spread throughout the body. Large collections of cells that grow abnormally are called tumors. Usually, cervical cancer is very slow growing, although in certain circumstances it can grow and spread quickly.
80% of cervical cancers diagnosed is squamous cell carcinoma; it comes from cells that lie on the surface of the cervix known as squamous cells. The second most common form is adenocarcinoma; it comes from cells that make up glands in the cervix.
Signs and symptoms of Cervical cancer
Unfortunately, the early stages of cervical cancer usually do not have any symptoms. This is why it is important to have screening Pap tests. As a tumor grows in size, it can produce a variety of symptoms including:
Abnormal bleeding (including bleeding after sexual intercourse, in between periods, heavier/longer lasting menstrual bleeding, or bleeding after menopause)
- Abnormal vaginal discharge (may be foul smelling)
- Pelvic or back pain
- Pain on urination
- Blood in the stool or urine
Traditional Treatments Options for Cervical Cancer
There are various treatment options for cervical cancer including surgery to remove the tumor and surrounding tissue, chemotherapy, and/or radiation are recommended.